<p>The Old Settlers Burying Ground is an historic cemetery off Main Street in southern Lancaster, Massachusetts. Established by 1674, it is the towns oldest formal cemetery, its burials including family members of many early settlers. The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Lancasters Old Settlers Burying Ground is located south of the towns current village center, on the east side of Main Street (Massachusetts Route 70), south of the Nashua River. It occupies about 1.5 acre, located at some distance from the roadway, between local railroad tracks and the Nashua River on an elongated rise largely surrounded by wetlands. Its accessible either via the eastern end of the towns Middle Cemetery, or via an unpaved cart track roughly paralleling the river north of that cemetery. The cemetery&#39;s layout is informal, with remnants of a fence marking its perimeter. Its oldest markers exhibit crude carving, and the oldest identifiable burial is the grave of Dorothy Prescott, who died in 1674.</p><br>
<p>Lancaster was founded in 1643, and originally included land now part of several surrounding towns. Its first meeting house was built on what is now the Middle Cemetery, and land nearby was apparently set aside at an early date for a burying ground. Most early burials in the community are believed to have been informal, on family properties, and often without any formal markers. The town was devastated by a major attack in 1675, during King Philip&#39;s War. It is not known where the roughly 50 victims of the attack are buried; the town was abandoned for five years after the attack, and burials may have been either here or near where the victims were slain.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery remained in use until the late 18th century, when Middle Cemetery was opened. In 1937, the locally prominent Thayer family gave additional land to this cemetery at its eastern end, and it is there where a number of its deceased are interred. The last burial in this section was in 2006. The cemetery has since suffered from neglect.</p><br>
<p>The Espanola Schoolhouse is a one-story; one-room rural school building that has survived from the Jim Crow racial segregation-era. It is the last standing one-room schoolhouse in Flagler County. It is located at 98 Knox Jones Avenue, Bunnell, Florida 32110.</p><br>
<p>In 1949, several members of the African-American community of Espanola, led by schoolteacher Essie Mae Mack Giddens (1927-2003), traveled to Pomona Park, Florida to gather information for building plans for a one-room schoolhouse. The plans for a new one-room schoolhouse, to be built in Espanola, were compiled and submitted to the Flagler County School Board, which promptly approved them.</p><br>
<p>After the Flagler County School Board approved the one-room schoolhouse building plans, the community raised money selling ice cream and peanuts and pooled their donation money together to purchase a lot of land and build a school in their own community, which became known as the Espanola Schoolhouse. The Pallbearers Society (a mutual aid network) with assistance of the Espanola community, then constructed the building and completed it in 1950. The Flagler County School District supplied furniture, school books (many previously used by Flagler Countys “White” segregated public schools) and installed electricity in the schoolhouse building. The Espanola Schoolhouse made it possible for the area&#39;s non-high school age black children to attend school in their own neighborhood. Espanola community volunteers did most of the maintenance and service for the Espanola Schoolhouse during its years of operation as a school, as the deed to the building was never transferred to the Flagler County School District.</p><br>
<h2>Schoolhouse Operations</h2><br>
<p>Although the Espanola Schoolhouse was part of the Flagler County School District, it did not have running water or an indoor bathroom. It did have a wood-burning stove that provided heat on cold days, a hand-operated water pump in the backyard to provide water and a single outhouse in the backyard, which provided the only bathroom facilities.</p><br>
<p>The Espanola Schoolhouse accommodated thirty or more African-American students per school year. Education at the school spanned first grade through the eighth grade. In addition to African-American children from Espanola, the nearby communities of Neoga and Bimini sent their African-American children to the Espanola Schoolhouse to be educated. Some of these children walked more than six miles per day to attend this school.</p><br>
<p>There was only one full-time schoolteacher, Essie Mae Giddens, during the time, 1950 to 1957, which the Espanola Schoolhouse operated as a Flagler County elementary school. Mrs. Giddens arranged all eight grades of students into separate groups in the one-room building and taught different lessons to each group throughout the day. The community provided several volunteers, and teacher&#39;s aides, that assisted with the building operations and teaching lessons at the school. After the 1957 school year, the Flagler County School Board moved the first grade through the eighth grade students in the Espanola area to its black segregated elementary school in Bunnell.</p><br>
<p>From 1958 to 1970, the Espanola Schoolhouse operated as an independent kindergarten for the Espanola area. Teacher, Ida Mae Wiley, taught approximately thirty children during each school year during this time. The Espanola Schoolhouse building was closed as a school after the 1970 school year.</p><br>
<p>From 1971 to 2001, the Espanola Schoolhouse was used as a storage facility and gradually fell into disrepair. Starting in 2001, a community renovation project, led by Rev. Frank Giddens and Queenie Jackson, performed considerable exterior and interior repairs, installed air conditioning and added a bathroom inside the building, which enabled it to be open to the public as a clubhouse (youth center).</p><br>
<p>The Espanola Schoolhouse retains its historic appearance and character and now serves the community as the St. Paul Youth Center, which is used for academic tutoring, a social center and summer camp for the area&#39;s disadvantaged youth.</p><br>
<h2>Architectural attributes</h2><br>
<p>The Espanola Schoolhouse has a rectangular plan and measures 23 feet wide by 42 feet deep (966 square feet).</p><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>The exterior walls are constructed with concrete block and are finished with stucco. The roof is a wood framed gable design with asphalt shingles. The soffit is fitted with white aluminum ventilation panels and the fascia is fitted with white aluminum trim around the entire roof. A wood framed small gable roof with asphalt shingles covers the front porch, and is supported by two wood pillars. The entire exterior of the building is painted yellow, and the trim of the small gable roof over the front porch and its two wood pillars are painted green. The front porch is a concrete slab that measures 10 feet wide by 5 feet deep. The front (east) of the building includes two large fixed double pane windows and a single wood paneled door that provides the main entrance into the building. The north side of the building includes two large fixed double pane windows, and two smaller double hung windows. The back (west) of the building includes one small double hung window. The south side of the building includes two large fixed double pane windows, two smaller double hung windows and a single wood paneled door that provides an entrance into the rear of the building.</p><br>
<p>The historic building had needed repairs performed in March 2022 that included pressure washing, stucco repairs, exterior painting, new aluminum drip edge, soffit and fascia and structural repairs to the front porch. A new custom sign was installed that reads, “Historic Espanola Schoolhouse, St. Paul Youth Center, The Only Minority Schoolhouse Still Standing in Flagler County."</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The interior of the building has had one room addition in the southwest section, which is the bathroom that includes a wood stud framed wall finished with drywall, a single wood paneled door and a privacy wood stud framed wall finished with drywall which were installed in 2004. All other walls in the interior are original to the building and are finished with stucco and painted in a dual white and yellow pattern. The ceilings are finished with drywall, painted white and include several ceiling fans, lights and an entrance panel to a crawl space beneath the roof. The floor is a concrete slab that has been covered with 12” x 12” ceramic tiles. The building includes a wood stud framed wall finished with plaster and a large central opening (with no door) that separates the front of the entrance-way section of the building and the schoolroom area. The schoolroom area is mostly in original condition (with the exception of the additions of the bathroom and privacy wall extension) and is furnished with chairs, tables, books and a large television, which is used to view educational and instructional videos.</p><br>
<h2>History of Espanola, Florida</h2><br>
<p>Prior to the 1880s, the area now known as Espanola was located within St. Johns County and was known as Raulerson (which was named after a locally settled family). There were only a few scattered residents, no local railroad access, no waterway transportation and the only practical ground road transportation were wagon trails. Around 1884, the narrow-gauge St. Johns & Halifax Railway was built right through the area, and by 1886, it connected East Palatka to Daytona. In 1893, the town of Espanola was established (a circa 1893 railroad map shows both the Raulerson P.O. and Espanola). After 1893, Raulerson does not appear on any maps as Espanola was now the official name of the town. Espanola became a well-established railroad stop and shipping point as Henry Flagler’s newly formed modernized standard-gauge Florida East Coast Railway ran right through the town. The railroad created new jobs and increased the demand for the construction of new buildings and infrastructure. This resulted in Espanola’s population to expand beyond 100 by the late 1890s. During this same time, African-Americans began relocating to the Espanola area where they found employment opportunities mainly in the turpentine, lumber and railroad industries.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1900s, large tracts of land in the Espanola area were purchased and leased to set up turpentine still operations. A large saw mill was built in Espanola that was connected with narrow-gauge railroads that branched into the nearby woods where virgin timber was harvested. These timbers were sawed into lumber, loaded onto Florida East Coast Railway cars, and shipped to distant markets. Now that the railroad was completed through the area and large quantities of timber was clear-cut, the mills began to close and the local economy shrank.</p><br>
<p>In 1915, the Dixie Highway was built from the Midwest to the Southern United States, and a portion of it ran right through Espanola. This highway opened a new tourist trade as well as attracted new residents and businesses, which boosted the economy in the Espanola area. Over-night tourists (known as ‘Tin Can Tourists’) prompted the establishment of a new hotel and camps to accommodate these automobile-campers. When Flagler County was founded in 1917, from sections of St. Johns and Volusia counties, Espanola became part of Flagler County. Since Espanola was one of the only areas in Flagler County that African-Americans could purchase property many families settled here, built homes and contributed to the community&#39;s development.</p><br>
<p>In 1920, the population of Espanola had grown to 385, and there were many new businesses in town in addition to the hotel and camps including an automobile garage, the offices of the Neoga Naval Stores Company, a general store, post office with mail route, cafe, rooming house, barbershop, dry goods store, stave mill, grocery store and school. The Florida Land Boom of the 1920s brought many additional travelers through the area, but by 1926, it went bust and fizzled out. Farming picked up as a lucrative business and provided a boost to the local economy as many African-Americans found employment on local farms. Large quantities of potatoes, corn and narcissus bulbs were grown in nearby areas such as Bimini. This produce was loaded onto Florida East Coast Railway cars at the Espanola stop and shipped to various regional marketplaces.</p><br>
<p>In 1926, a new highway (now USA 1) was built from St. Augustine directly to Bunnell and bypassed Espanola. This rendered the Dixie Highway route through Espanola obsolete as automobile traffic drastically declined and very few tourists and travelers ventured to Espanola. The economy of Espanola was devastated and over the following two decades many people relocated and all the businesses closed with the exception of a local grocery store. The USA Post Office in Espanola closed on February 28, 1955, as there was no longer enough mail business or residents in the area to justify an official government office.</p><br>
<p>Today, the railroad that passed through Espanola is gone and the many commercial buildings that were constructed during Espanolas heyday have all been razed. The area has evolved into a quiet rural community with no noticeable remnants of its once busy and prosperous past. The community now includes residential homes, a church, the one-room Espanola Schoolhouse, a Flagler County Fire Station, cemetery and community center. African-Americans make up a large portion of Espanolas population, and some families have lived in the area for more than four generations.</p><br>
<h2>Listing on the National Register of Historic Places</h2><br>
<p>The initial nomination was approved by the Florida National Register Review Board on February 6, 2020, and was then sent to the USA Department of the Interior, National Park Service for final approval by the Keeper of the National Register. On July 22, 2020, the Espanola Schoolhouse was officially listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Espanola Schoolhouse is Flagler Countys first landmark directly associated with black history to receive national recognition. The historical significance of the property is associated with the areas of Education and Black Ethnic Heritage. The Espanola Schoolhouse was listed on the NRHP under a multiple property submission: (Floridas Historic Black Public Schools MPS).</p><br>
<h2>Bronze National Register of Historic Places Plaque Installed</h2><br>
<p>As a community project, the National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors - Chapter 154 - Daytona Beach, FL ordered and purchased a National Register of Historic Places solid bronze plaque from Franklin Bronze Plaques of Franklin, PA. On September 28, 2020, it was installed on the front of the Espanola Schoolhouse while several people from the community looked on. This plaque now serves as a proud reminder of the historical importance, and helps preserve the legacy, of the Espanola Schoolhouse.</p><br>
<p>The Dr. Raymond Babcock House, at 96 S. Humboldt St. in Willits, California, in Mendocino County, California, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. The listing included three contributing buildings, a contributing structure, and a contributing object.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story, wood-frame house which was built by Roy Whited, who designed and built many houses in Willits. It is vernacular Classical Revival in style. It has an L-shaped veranda, partly recessed, around Humboldt Street and Mendocino Street sides. It has gables in both directions, with boxed cornices.</p><br>
<p>It originally was a one-story house with Queen Anne elements. In 1919, Dr. Babcock built a one-room hospital behind the house. The upper story was added in the 1930s.</p><br>
<p>The property includes a collection of bells, collected by Dr. Babcock during the 1930s through 1960s. A redwood frame called the Babcock Bell Tower, designed and built by Dr. and Mrs. Babcock in 1945, supports an assortment of town, school, locomotive, ship and team bells, almost all from Mendocino County. It also includes the Santa Rosa town bell from Sonoma County.</p><br>
<p>The Manchester Schoolhouse, at 19750 California State Route 1 in Manchester, California, was built in 1907, the year after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story wood-frame building, about 64.5x32.5 ft in plan, with a hipped roof. It served as a school and also as a meeting hall for the city.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed "significant as the only public building in Manchester surviving from the days when coastal logging was a prolific and flourishing industry. The school&#39;s design is notable as an outstanding example of North Coast school architecture and for its inclusion of a community/use/school use meeting room."</p><br>
<p>Castlewood Terrace is a block-long street and residential historic district in the Uptown neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The district includes 26 single-family houses built between 1897 and 1927. The street is highly unusual compared to its surroundings, as both Uptown and Chicagos lakeshore in general were built up with high-rise apartments in the early twentieth century; Castlewood Terrace residents resisted high-rise construction for decades after the streets development. Most of the houses are two to three story brick structures with spacious lots and front driveways, giving the street visual consistency despite the many different architectural styles used in its homes. Some of these architectural styles include Tudor Revival, Renaissance Revival, Foursquare, Colonial Revival, and Queen Anne.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 3, 2009.</p><br>
<p>The Lovejoy Homestead, near Branscomb, California in Mendocino County, California, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The listing included four contributing buildings, two contributing structures, and a contributing site on 5.8 acre.</p><br>
<p>It is located at end of Wilderness Road, near Branscomb, by the South Fork Eel River.</p><br>
<p>The site includes a two-story house known also as the "White House" which is Victorian in style, built originally in 1890. It is unusual for having a Victorian house in a very remote location. Also included are a barn, a woodshed, ruins of a blacksmith shop, and an apple orchard.</p><br>
<p>The St. Mary Catholic Church  is located in Bunnell, Florida. The architectural style of the wood framed St. Mary Catholic Church is Carpenter Gothic . In the early 1910s, after several families of Polish descent decided to relocate to Korona, Florida, they raised $1000 to build a Catholic church in the town. Korona means “crown” in Polish, signifying the patron saint of Poland, the Blessed Virgin Mary, who is also referred to as “Queen of Poland.” They constructed the church building in 1914 and originally named it St. Mary, Queen of Poland, Catholic Church, but later changed its name to St. Mary Catholic Church. The original St. Mary Catholic Church is still in use for daily mass, baptisms, funerals, weddings and silent prayer services.</p><br>
<p>From its beginning, the St. Mary Catholic Church building has been a focal point for the Korona community. It continues to remain intimately connected with the spiritual and cultural lives of the area&#39;s citizens. The St. Mary Catholic Church is the oldest church building in Flagler County.</p><br>
<p>The property where the St. Mary Catholic Church is located includes the Shrine of Saint Christopher and four other buildings: Parish Thrift Store, Storage Shed, Parish Center Office and the Main Church.</p><br>
<h2>Architectural attributes</h2><br>
<p>The St. Mary Catholic Church has 1955 square feet as it measures 31 feet wide by 62 feet long and includes a 3 feet wide by 11 feet long part of the garage extension that protrudes from the northeast corner of the building.</p><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>Most of the building&#39;s exterior has white painted solid wood board and batten siding running horizontally. Wood lattice skirting covers the underfloor access areas around the bottom of the building. There are eight lancet windows in the building. These windows are tall and narrow with a pointed arch at the top, which mimic the architectural styling found in original Gothic churches. The glass in all of the lancet windows is clear and wavy, interestingly; the St. Mary Catholic Church has never had stained glass in any of its external lancet windows. The original building had two sections added on to the back in the 1930s. One add-on section was used as living quarters for the priest, which includes a living room, bedroom, bathroom, kitchen and a safe and storage room. The other section was an automobile parking garage for the priest.</p><br>
<p>The front (west) side of the building includes a concrete porch (which replaced the original wood porch) that measures 12 feet wide by 5 feet long with four steps and right and left side round metal hand railings. Two four-paneled solid wood entrance doors with semi-circular tops, hinged to swing outward, lead the way into the church building. The porch includes two wood sitting benches and has a wood framed canopy roof with asphalt shingles that match the building&#39;s main roof. Wood pillars support the canopy roof and the fascia includes vertical jig-sawn wood trim fretwork supported by wood braces attached at a 45-degree angle. A sign on the left side of the entrance doors reads, “St. Mary’s Church – Built by a Group of Polish Immigrants in 1914.” There is one centrally located lancet window above the canopy. The bottom section has two vertical panes that are painted white, and the top section has three lancet shaped panes with clear wavy glass.</p><br>
<p>The right (south) side of the building includes three lancet windows in the original front section. Each of these windows has four vertical clear wavy glass panes in their bottom section, and two vertical panes and three lancet shaped panes with clear wavy glass in their top section. The rear add-on section of the right side includes three double hung windows with clear flat glass panes.</p><br>
<p>The left (north) side of the building includes four lancet windows in the original front section. Each of these windows has four vertical clear wavy glass panes in their bottom section, and two vertical panes and three lancet shaped panes with clear wavy glass in their top section. The rear add-on automobile garage section, on the northeastern corner of the building, includes two hinged swing-out wood garage doors with four panels each.</p><br>
<p>The back (east) side of the building includes a single wood rear entrance access door with a five-step concrete porch and wood handrail. There are three double hung windows (which are now covered with wood panels), and three double pane vertical windows in the garage section (which are now covered with wood panels). A wood framed canopy roof supported by two wood braces attached at a 45-degree angle extends the length of the three windows and entrance door and is covered with asphalt shingles that match the building&#39;s main roof. A vertical entrance space above the canopy roof has a hinged wood door that allows access into the attic space. A single air vent is installed near the peak of the roof in the original section of the building.</p><br>
<p>The wood framed gable roof on the original and add-on sections of the building are covered with matching asphalt shingles. Modern aluminum downspouts are installed on several areas around the building and gutters run the length of the roof. The steeple is located at the front (west) side of the building and includes four wood window openings with louvered air vents that have arrow point tops. The steeples roof is covered with asphalt shingles that match the buildings main roof. A Christian cross that is made from wood and finished with copper sheeting is affixed to the steeple&#39;s apex. A bell is installed inside the steeple that can be rung manually.</p><br>
<h4>Exterior Picture Gallery</h4><br>
<p>St. Mary Catholic Church - Lancet Window - 8-21-2019.jpgLancet Window</p><br>
<p>St. Mary Catholic Church - Front View - 8-21-2019.jpgFront View</p><br>
<p>St. Mary Catholic Church - Steeple View - 8-21-2019.jpgSteeple View</p><br>
<p>St. Mary Catholic Church - Left Back View - 8-21-2019.jpgLeft Back View</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The interior of the church features fourteen pews, seven on each side of its central aisle. The walls in the church section, and the original sacristy room, are finished with chair molding installed horizontally at three feet six inches from the floor. Solid hardwood bead board wainscoting runs vertically from the floor to the chair molding. From above the chair molding, solid hardwood bead board wainscoting runs horizontally to the ceiling. The entire ceiling is finished with the same solid hardwood bead board wainscoting. The chair molding and all of the solid hardwood bead board wainscoting is painted white. The front entrance includes a confessional room with a single hung entrance door to the priests area and a single hung entrance door to the parishioners area, double entrance doors with semi-circular tops, a stairway that leads to the choir chamber and a single hung entrance door leading into a storage room under the stairway. The upper front section is the choir chambers that includes seating and a four-foot high railing wall.</p><br>
<p>The pulpit includes wood railings, a baptismal font, central altar, an additional smaller altar with a Statue of the Redeemer in Death, which is used at Easter services, and various statues, pictures and other church-related artifacts. A single hung entrance door leads into the church&#39;s original sacristy room.</p><br>
<p>The add-on section that was once the priests living quarters includes a living room, bedroom, bathroom, kitchen and a safe and storage room safe. This area is currently being used for the storage of furniture and church artifacts. The add-on section that was once the priests automobile parking garage is currently being used for the storage of miscellaneous maintenance items.</p><br>
<h4>Interior Picture Gallery</h4><br>
<p>St. Mary Catholic Church - Interior Pulpit View - 8-21-2019.jpgInterior Pulpit View</p><br>
<p>St. Mary Catholic Church - Interior - Original Storage Room - 8-21-2019.jpgOriginal Storage Room</p><br>
<p>St. Mary Catholic Church - Interior - Statue of the Redeemer in Death - 8-21-2019.jpgStatue of the Redeemer in Death</p><br>
<p>St. Mary Catholic Church - Interior - Pulpit to Front Entrance View - 8-21-2019.jpgPulpit to Front Entrance View</p><br>
<h2>Shrine of Saint Christopher</h2><br>
<p>The Shrine of Saint Christopher, the patron saint of travelers, was built in 1935 by Rev. Fr. Cornelius Hoffman, a missionary who had studied theology in Poland. It is located on property to the left (north) side of the St. Mary Catholic Church. The Shrine&#39;s base measures 28 feet by 40 feet and is 24 feet high. The Shrine was a gift to Korona and is a rest stop for motorists who can visit the shrine and pray to the Patron Saint of Travelers. Since the 1960s, the St. Mary Catholic Church performs special services called the Blessing of Automobiles where motorists are invited to have their cars blessed in front of the Shrine of Saint Christopher. The shrine has an altar on its west side that includes the following inscription: “Let us invoke god’s blessing on our visitors as they journey on their way along ways of peace and prosperity. May the almighty and merciful god lead them and may the angel Raphael and St. Christopher accompany them on their journey. So they in peace, health, and joy, return unto their own.”</p><br>
<h3>Shrine of Saint Christopher Picture Gallery</h3><br>
<p>St. Mary Catholic Church - Shrine of St. Christopher - Right Side View - 8-21-2019.jpgSouthwest View</p><br>
<p>Shrine of Saint Christopher - Statue View.jpgStatue View</p><br>
<p>Shrine of Saint Christopher - Southwest View.jpgSouthwest Close-up View</p><br>
<p>St. Christopher Shrine - North View.jpgNorth View</p><br>
<h2>History of Korona, Florida</h2><br>
<p>Rev. Michael Curley, bishop of St. Augustine, purchased land for $1.00 in the center of Korona and this was where a Catholic church building would be constructed. The church building was originally named St. Mary, Queen of Poland, Catholic Church, but later changed its name to St. Mary Catholic Church. This church immediately became the heart of the community and is still an important symbol of the community of Korona.</p><br>
<p>Upon arriving in Korona the Polish families began building homes and farms in addition to their church. Since 1955, Korona has been part of the Bunnell post office service area.</p><br>
<p>The area&#39;s rugged wilderness, which included dense woodlands, heavy soil, insects, poor drainage and lack of reliable road transportation, other than the railroad, led to crop failures and difficulty transporting harvests to shipping centers.</p><br>
<p>By 1922, automobile transportation was improved as the Dixie Highway reached Korona. And, by the 1930s, USA Highway 1 was running through Korona. These roads made traveling to and from Korona, by way of automobiles, much easier and allowed access to many more areas that were not serviced by the railroads.</p><br>
<p>In 1926, Barney Trojanowski built the White Eagle Hotel. The first floor of the hotel was used as a grocery and feed store as well as a real estate office. The second floor had the family and patron rooms. The building was used as a social and recreation facility, and included a beer garden (after the repeal of Prohibition in 1934) and large dance floor in addition to being a hotel for many years. Many festivals and special events, including St. Mary Catholic Church sponsored events, were hosted here. In 1959, the White Eagle Hotel building was demolished to make room for the widening to four lanes of the USA Highway.</p><br>
<p>In 1935, the Shrine of St. Christopher was built by the flamboyant and charismatic Rev. Fr. Cornelius Hoffman, as a gift to Korona. Many community and church-related events have taken place at this shrine including the popular Blessing of the Automobiles. Since its construction, this shrine has brought many travelers to Korona, and is still a popular stop for motorists."</p><br>
<p>In 1940, infrastructure in Korona dramatically improved when electric service was connected to the area. Suddenly, the rural area of Korona had the means to improve its standard of living and expedite the modern development of the community.</p><br>
<p>As the Korona community continued to grow during the 20th century, the original St. Mary Catholic Church became too small for its parish. A new St. Mary Catholic Church was constructed and it was dedicated on October 8, 1994. This larger church can accommodate up to 500 people, including Polish-speaking parishioners who travel from communities many miles from Korona.</p><br>
<p>In 2011, a new Parish Center was constructed on the St. Mary Catholic Church property, which includes classrooms, offices and a social hall. In 2014, the St. Vincent DePaul Thrift was constructed on the St. Mary Catholic Church property, which provides affordable clothing and house wares to the needy of Korona and nearby communities.</p><br>
<h2>Listing on the National Register of Historic Places</h2><br>
<p>The initial nomination was approved by the Florida National Register Review Board on November 2, 2023, and was then sent to the USA Department of the Interior, National Park Service for final approval by the Keeper of the National Register. On January 25, 2024, the St. Mary Catholic Church was officially listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The historical significance of the property is associated with the areas of architecture, ethnic heritage: European (Polish), and exploration/settlement. The St. Mary Catholic Church listing included the Shrine of Saint Christopher structure as a contributing resource.</p><br>
<p>The James Henry and Rachel Kilby House was built around 1898 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. It is located at 28 Tumbling Waters Lane in rural Rabun County, Georgia in the Persimmon community , about 15 mi northwest of Clayton.</p><br>
<p>The house is a two-story I-house with a rear, gabled ell one-and-a-half-stories tall. It had a hall-parlor plan. It rests upon locust and chestnut wood piers in the front, and upon a pine sill atop support stones in the rear.</p><br>
<p>In 2005, the house was still covered with its original unpainted yellow poplar shiplap siding.</p><br>
<p>A second contributing building on the property is the barn built at the same time as the house, built of hand-hewn pine, oak, and locust logs, upon a continuous stone foundation. Gables at each end have yellow poplar siding; it has a standing seam metal roof. It is of a type commonly called a transverse crib barn in Georgia, and has cribs on each side of a wide runway.</p><br>
<p>The John Lee Webber House, also known as "The Webber Place", in Yountville, California, was built around 1859. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story wood frame farmhouse which was built before 1859. It was built in simplified, vernacular Greek Revival style. The house was originally built as a one-and-a-half-story clapboarded farmhouse, with a gable roof and a central brick chimney, and was located on the Finnell Ranch, almost a mile east of its current location in downtown Yountville. It had a one-story rear addition which served as a kitchen. The house was moved to the current location in the 1860s. The house was expanded in 1907-08 by the Webber family, at which time it was given its current appearance. The front entrance of the farmhouse, in the non-gable facade now facing southeast, remained as the main entrance in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The 1907-08 renovation added the gabled second-story room cantilevered over the front porch, with large window facing southeast. It also added/expanded to the northwest (apparently, while "north" is stated), forming a wing making an "L" with the original house. This included an indoor bathroom beyond the kitchen, and then an enclosed back porch. It had a shingle-sided second story with bedrooms having tongue-and-groove panelling. The first floor of the renovated house had wall-papered rooms, and consisted of kitchen, dining room, and front and back parlors.</p><br>
<p>In 1980, doublehung sash windows survived in the original house and in the rear extension, while some second-story windows had been replaced by vertical casement windows.</p><br>
<p>A second contributing building is a shiplap-sided gabled two-story carriage house/barn (photo #4), opening onto Webber Avenue, which was built in 1905. It held two horses, a cow, a buggy, and a surrey. It had sliding frame double-doors, and a rectangular door and square windows above in the gable end. As of 1980 the barn was unaltered, and was used for storage. In 2019, the carriage house still exists, although it appears to have been renovated/modified.</p><br>
<p>Since 1980, the property has become the Lavender Bed and Breakfast, and additional buildings have been constructed in the former yard-spaces.</p><br>
<p>The property is located at 2020 Webber Ave. in Yountville, on the north corner of Webber Ave. and Jefferson St. Apparently there has been a street renumbering; the National Register documentation states it is located at 6610 Webber Ave.</p><br>
<p>Liberty Lodge No. 123, F & A M, in Keachi, Louisiana in De Soto Parish, Louisiana, was built originally around 1852 and was rebuilt in 1880 after being destroyed by a tornado. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story frame building in late Greek Revival style, and stands prominently in the small community of Keachi. It has a space for a store on the first floor and the Free and Accepted Masons lodge meeting hall on the second floor. Extra rooms and an enclosed staircase are to the rear.</p><br>
<p>Its front facade has a three-bay entrance loggia with a "fairly full" entablature topped by the clapboarded second story. Above that is a full pediment with similar entablature. Elements salvaged from the original building include the loggias columns, entablature and flushboarding, the pediments detailing, and apparently some six over six windows. The interior has a mix of surfaces; the meeting hall&#39;s interior is non-historic, with plywood paneling and an acoustical tile ceiling.</p><br>
<p>It is located at the southwestern corner of LA 172 and LA 5.</p><br>
<p>The DeSoto Parish Courthouse, at 101 Texas Street in Mansfield, Louisiana in DeSoto Parish, Louisiana, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.</p><br>
<p>It was designed by Favrot & Livaudais in Beaux Arts style and was built in 1911.</p><br>
<p>It is a three-story brick buildingarticulated with two principal stories raised on an English basement. The building is approached on all four sides via monumental flights of steps. The central main entrance is accented by a balustraded balcony on heavy consoles. The entrance leads to a central hall which in turn leads to axial corridors running to the ends of the building. Each side wing culminates in an imperial staircase leading to the courtroom on the top story. The presence of the courtroom is expressed on the exterior through the use of a higher central block with three great arched windows. The main block also features coupled Ionic columns and an ornamental parapet culminating in a central sculptural cartouche. The side wings, which are lower than the main block, are articulated with Tuscan pilasters and arched windows. The piano nobile rests upon a rusticated brick base with a heavy water table.</p><br>
<p>Its interior is now fairly plain, as courtroom ornamentation has been removed or hidden, and lowered ceilings have been installed in many areas.</p><br>
<p>It is also a contributing property of Mansfield Historic District since its creation on.</p><br>
<p>The Genius Brothers Building, in Kinder, Louisiana, was built in 1916 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>It is located at the corner of 8th St. and 4th Ave. in Kinder.</p><br>
<p>Architecture: Vernacular Commercial</p><br>
<p>It "is a single story brick commercial vernacular structure located on Eighth Street in the small town of Kinder. There</p><br>
<p>have been some alterations over the years, but the building&#39;s architectural</p><br>
<p>identity survives well intact. / Laid up in common bond brick, the building features two shopfronts, one of</p><br>
<p>which has a corner entrance. Originally, it contained two separate stores. The original metal fixed awning is surmounted by a transom level (windows covered over) and a paneled parapet. The parapet top culminates in a central pediment</p><br>
<p>shape and is surmounted by three concrete pineapple finials. The shopfronts</p><br>
<p>retain their original shape and configuration, although the glass and kickplates</p><br>
<p>are replacements. An interesting feature of the shopfront level is that the</p><br>
<p>piers are coated with concrete which is lightly scored to resemble cut stone.</p><br>
<p>The rear and north side of the building feature segmentally arched openings, most</p><br>
<p>of which have been bricked in, although the outlines are clearly visible. The</p><br>
<p>south side of the building is a party wall which formerly divided it from an</p><br>
<p>adjacent commercial building. This adjacent building was recently demolished.</p><br>
<p>To prevent moisture penetration at the top of the former party wall, the present</p><br>
<p>owner applied a strip of standing seam metal sheathing (about 3 feet in height).</p><br>
<p>The interior is modern looking, with plywood paneling and a lowered</p><br>
<p>acoustical tile ceiling. The original pressed metal ceiling is still in place</p><br>
<p>above the acoustical tiles. In addition, the old beaded board walls appear to be</p><br>
<p>still intact beneath the plywood paneling. The only other noteworthy interior</p><br>
<p>alteration has been the removal of the brick wall which previously divided the</p><br>
<p>two shops."</p><br>
<p>Chateau Pacheteau, in Calistoga, California in Napa Valley, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<p>The "chateau" is a four-story residence built in 1906. The National Register nominator termed it an example of "stone church architecture", and asserted it resembles Richardsonian Romanesque architecture. It is north-facing, and is 35x80 ft in plan. Its "most unusual feature is the defensive stepped false front façade including a crenellated parapet composed of crenels and merlons, which appear again above the stone portico below. The parapet obscures the wood shake covered gable roof behind it."</p><br>
<p>It was commissioned by Jacques Pacheteau. In its construction W.A. Harrison of St. Helena was in charge of carpentry, and the masonry work was done by Bennasini & Maggetta.</p><br>
<p>The listing included a second contributing building--a detached carriage house--and five non-contributing buildings. The carriage house, also built in 1906, is also built of stone, and is two-storied with a central cupola above. It was designed by architect William Corlett.</p><br>
<p>Chateau Chevalier, at 3101 Spring Mountain Rd. in St. Helena, California in Napa Valley, was built in 1891. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.</p><br>
<p>It was built for French immigrant and wine importer Fortune Chevalier. It reflects the "wine boom" era in Napa County, after phylloxera destroyed numerous vineyards in France, Europe.</p><br>
<p>The Chateau Chevalier Wine Cellar, 56x79 ft in plan, is a two-story stone building stepped into the hillside.</p><br>
<p>The listing included a second contributing building, a carriage house.</p><br>
<p>The Mathis House, on E. Main St. in Lumpkin, Georgia, was built around 1840–45. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story Plantation Plain house, with Greek Revival details. Its "ornate entrance on the first floor with flush tongue and groove siding, and multi-paned trabeated doorway, along with the second floor entrance with fluted pilasters, are among the most decorative found in Lumpkin."</p><br>
<p>It was one of four identical houses built within a 4 mi radius; this is the only one surviving.</p><br>
<p>By 1899, it was home of school teacher Miss Ernie Stevens and an "Aunt Penny McCullough", of whom locals were supposedly afraid.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed "significant as a manifestation of the large but relatively plain farmhouses located on what were, at the time, the outskirts of Lumpkin."</p><br>
<p>It was listed as part of a study of historic resources in Lumpkin which led to National Register nomination of 15 historic districts and individual buildings.</p><br>
<p>Bush-Usher House Upload image June 29, 1982</p><br>
<p>(#82002467) E. Main St.</p><br>
<p>32°02′58″N 84°47′29″W Lumpkin</p><br>
<p>The Bush-Usher House, or Usher House, on E. Main St. in Lumpkin, Georgia, was built before 1919. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>It is a one-story clapboarded bungalow with a square central hall plan, built upon a brick pier foundation. It has a balloon frame and a hipped roof; its eaves have exposed purlins; it has three interior chimneys.</p><br>
<p>It was home of J. Fred Usher, a local carpenter.</p><br>
<p>It was expanded by a shed addition to the rear around the 1940s, and in 1980 there was a c.1930 tin garage at the back.</p><br>
<p>It was listed as part of a study of historic resources in Lumpkin which led to National Register nomination of 15 historic districts and individual buildings.</p><br>
<p>The Weeks–Kimbrough House, on Washington Ave.  in Talbotton, Georgia, was built around 1845. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>It was a one-story Greek Revival house which was built with mortise, tenon and peg construction.</p><br>
<p>Its porch was supported by 12 fluted, simplified-Doric columns.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed "of architectural significance because it is the only remaining example of a style prominent in this area before the Civil War; it is significant in local history because its builder-owner, John Weeks, was an important merchant in this community. Before the Civil War, Talbot County was one of the largest and most important cotton-producing counties in Georgia. In 1860, 2.2 percent of the states cotton was produced there. Of the 132 counties in Georgia at the time, only seven produced more cotton than Talbot County. The house is a rare example of the excellent proportions, craftsmanship and simplicity of this time." After the death of Weeks wife Sarah, the house passed to their niece Sarah Holmes Leonard, who married T. A. Kimbrough in 1907.</p><br>
<p>A parcel map showing the oblong 3.80 acre lot upon which the house was located is included in the NRHP document.</p><br>
<p>It appears that the house has been demolished or otherwise lost, however, because no building can be discerned in satellite view imagery of the site. And review of Talbot County tax assessor map information shows the same oblong 3.80 acre lot having no building upon it. It is Parcel ID 005 12255 L, which has no buildings or other improvements listed.</p><br>
<p>The Bostwick Historic District, in Bostwick, Georgia, is a historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. The listing included 64 contributing buildings, a contributing structure, and four contributing sites on 145 acre.</p><br>
<p>It is centered on the intersection of Bostwick Rd. (Georgia State Route 83) and Fairplay Rd. in Bostwick.</p><br>
<p>The oldest historic resource is the Bostwick Cemetery, established around 1859.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant partly as it is a "good example of a rural town in Georgia which developed from the</p><br>
<p>cultivation and processing of cotton. The district is significant in the areas of agriculture and industry</p><br>
<p>for its excellent collection of industrial buildings associated with the processing of cotton as well as</p><br>
<p>for the remaining cotton fields located within the district. John Bostwick, Sr. (1859-1929), considered</p><br>
<p>the founder of the town, started Bostwick Supply Company in 1892. In 1901, he started the Bostwick</p><br>
<p>Manufacturing Company that consisted of a cottonseed oil mill and other buildings (cotton gin,</p><br>
<p>granary, grist mill, warehouse, guano/fertilizer building) associated with the manufacturing of goods</p><br>
<p>from cotton. (All these buildings still remain.) Historically, the region surrounding the small town of</p><br>
<p>Bostwick was primarily planted in cotton. Currently, much of this land has been planted with other</p><br>
<p>crops, such as pine trees and peanuts, or left open to be used as pasture land for grazing by cattle.</p><br>
<p>The fields planted in cotton within the district still convey the historic significant pattern in Georgia of</p><br>
<p>agricultural fields abutting the town development."</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant also for its architecture, specifically "for its excellent examples of historic residences, commercial, and community landmark buildings representing architectural types and styles popular in Georgia from the late 19th century into the early 20th century. The significant architectural types include Georgian cottage, gabled ell cottage, Queen Anne cottage, hall-parlor cottage, and bungalow. The significant architectural styles include Colonial Revival, Neoclassical Revival, Craftsman, and Folk Victorian. The John Bostwick, Sr. House, built in 1902, is an excellent representative example of a Georgian House, a two-story house with a central hallway on each floor with two rooms on either side, representing the Neoclassical Revival style. The character-defining features of the house include a full-height entry porch with lower full-width porch, truncated hipped roof, and wide cornice band. The historic stores are good examples of attached and freestanding buildings representing the Folk Victorian style. The character-defining features include a stepped parapet roof, recessed brick panels, and decorative arches over the windows and doors. The historic community landmark resources include two churches, the Susie Agnes Hotel, and the Bostwick Cemetery."</p><br>
<p>The Wilson–Finney–Land House, at 1750 Bethany Rd. in Morgan County, Georgia near Madison, Georgia, was built in 1805. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<p>It was the main house of cotton plantation having more than 3,500 acre. The listing also includes a garage and several contributing objects.</p><br>
<p>The main house was built as an I-house by James Wilson around 1805. It was later owned and lived in by Abraham McAfee, who was a captain in the local militia and was the second sheriff of Morgan County. A later owner named James Finney added Greek Revival and Italianate features to the house, including the front door surround and decorative brackets supporting the eaves. A later owner, Cincinnatus Land, added Craftsman details, including a wraparound porch with square columns on brick piers.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed "significant in the area of architecture as an excellent example of a house that has evolved over time to meet the needs of its occupants and the changing architectural styles."</p><br>
<p>The John O&#39;Flaherty House, also known as The Rock House, at 1000 Oconee Road in Buckhead, Morgan County, Georgia, was built in 1896. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>It is a Georgian cottage in style. The house is unusual for its building materials. It is built of granite blocks, while most houses in Georgia were either wood frame or brick. Its inside is lined with curly pine.</p><br>
<p>The listing included a second contributing building and a contributing site as well.</p><br>
<p>The Leonard–Akin House, at 309 E. Union St.  in Vienna, Georgia, was built around 1914. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story Classical Revival house. It was built by contractor P.G. Pusbee, who would later father George Busbee (1927–2004), who would become governor of Georgia from 1974 to 1982.</p><br>
<p>A second contributing building is a one-story brick carriage house, also built around 1914. In 1992, this served as an apartment,</p><br>
<p>and had arched window and door openings, a metal hipped roof, and beaded board ceilings.</p><br>
<p>The Holtzendorf Apartments, at 105 W. Pine St. in Fitzgerald, Georgia, was built in 1908. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-and-a-half-story brick apartment building. It has a two-story double porch in the middle of its main facade, with square columns; the upper porch has a wooden balustrade. It has Craftsman details including "a multiple-gabled low-pitched roof, with projecting dormer windows and broad eaves, and a diamond-pattern window glazing."</p><br>
<p>A one-story masonry carport to the east of apartment building, is a second contributing building. It is not enclosed; the roof is supported by decorative cast-iron columns.</p><br>
<p>The Roger Brown Home and Studio is a historic building at 1926 N. Halsted Street in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The building was the home of artist Roger Brown, an influential figure in the Chicago Imagists movement of the mid-twentieth century. Locally, Browns art has been featured in the Art Institute of Chicago and on the front of 120 North LaSalle; on a national level, his works graced the cover of two issues of Time and have appeared in the New York Times and several major American art museums. Though it was constructed as a store in 1888, Brown and his partner George Veronda purchased the building in 1974 and converted it to a studio and living space. Browns artistic style inspired his redesign of the home and its back garden; in turn, the home inspired many similar buildings in his artwork. Brown lived and worked in the home until his death in 1997.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 22, 2011.</p><br>
<p>The Theodore Rozek House is a historic house at 6337 N. Hermitage Avenue in the Edgewater neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The house was built in 1908 for Theodore Rozek, a printer and German immigrant, and his family. Architect Clarence Hatzfeld designed the original house in the American Foursquare style, a popular vernacular style of the early twentieth century. Like many other Foursquare homes, the house had a square shape and was topped by a hip roof with a dormer. In the mid-1920s, architect Andrew E. Norman designed an addition for the front of the house; this addition was inspired by the Better Homes movement, which sought to bring high-level architecture to working-class homes. The addition replaced the original front porch with a semi-circular porch supported by its original columns, distinguishing the house from its neighbors.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 2, 2011.</p><br>
<p>The Building at 2440 N. Lakeview Avenue is a historic apartment building in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Built in 1926–27, the eighteen-story building was one of Chicagos many luxury apartment buildings constructed along Lake Michigan in the early twentieth century. The building used a semi-cooperative ownership model, in which the residents of the largest apartments had an ownership stake in the building while smaller units were rented; the cooperative model and its variations were popular with luxury apartments, as they gave residents control over how the building was run and who could live there. Architects Rissman & Hirschfeld designed the Tudor Revival building; while the Tudor Revival was one of many revival styles that became popular in the early twentieth century, it was relatively uncommon among Chicagos luxury apartments. The building&#39;s design features terra cotta arches around the entrances, ornamental terra cotta panels between the windows of the upper and lower floors, a balustrade atop the sixteenth floor, and a two-story penthouse with a broken parapet.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 22, 2011.</p><br>
<p>The Lars Peter Larson House is a historic house in Cleveland, Utah. It was built in 1908 for Lars Peter Larson, the son of Danish immigrants who converted to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Larson, who worked as farmer, shepherder, and a salesman for the LDS-run Cleveland Cooperative Mercantile Association, lived here with his wife, née Nora Oveson. The house was designed in the Shingle style, and it was meant to resemble a castle. The Larsons moved to Salt Lake City in 1915, and the house was acquired by Joseph Locke, followed by Harry C. Allred, and Ronald Norris. Larson died in Los Angeles in 1962. The house has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since February 13, 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Peter Johansen House is a historic house in Castle Dale, Utah. It was built with bricks from Provo in 1912 for Peter Johansen II, the son of Danish immigrants who converted to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Johansen was a cattle rancher, and he enlisted family members to build the house, which was designed in the Late Victorian style. The house has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 19, 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Tuba Trading Post, in Tuba City, Arizona, is a building complex which was started in 1891 by trader Charles H. Algert as a two-room shed built of native limestone. It is a mostly stone building made up of segments of different styles. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<p>East of the initial two-room shed is an octagonal building, built in 1905 by Oscar Dietzman for trader Samuel S. Preston. Its foundation and walls were built of native blue limestone from Moenkopi Wash. Construction involved cement mortar mixing powered by horses, in a circular vat on-site. The building has a second story clerestory.</p><br>
<p>West of the shed is a two-room living quarters space, built of the same native limestone as the octagon and shed, which was added in 1927.</p><br>
<p>Also on the property is a traditional Navajo-style hogan built with peeled logs and an earthen roof in 1985. It was erected as a tourist attraction in a small yard northeast of the octagon. It was deemed non-contributing in the National Register listing.</p><br>
<p>It is located at 10 N. Main St., at the northwest corner of the intersection of Main and Moenave Streets.</p><br>
<p>It "is located on the only private land inholding within Tuba City, a spring-fed oasis on the western Navajo</p><br>
<p>Indian Reservation."</p><br>
<p>The Krenz-Kerley Trading Post is another historic building nearby, at 78 N. Main St., and is also listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>The Krenz-Kerley Trading Post, in Tuba City, Arizona, was built in 1915. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>It is located at 78 N. Main St., on the east side of Main Street.</p><br>
<p>It is located "within the part of Tuba City that was a Mormon townsite from 1878 until 1903 (Judd 1965; Brugge 1972). The Mormons installed an irrigation system that watered fruit trees, Lombardy poplars, cottonwoods, and vegetable fields. Although the irrigation system is gone, many of the trees planted by the settlers still thrive, defining the verdant core of the city. The Krenz-Kerley Trading Post in recent decades has often been called "the Old Mormon Laundry Building" (see, for example, Threinen 1981) because of its townsite location, its masonry (stone was a material favored by Mormon settlers in northern Arizona), and recollections of it as a laundry facility. However, research conducted to prepare this nomination indicates that the building was constructed more than a decade after the Mormon era ended in Tuba City and that it did not become a laundry until after World War II."</p><br>
<p>Today, it is the home of the Tuba City Public Library.</p><br>
<p>It is a one-story building built by Frederick D. Krenz as a trading post.</p><br>
<p>It includes some aspect of Colonial Revival style, somehow.</p><br>
<p>Other names: Building 78;Old Mormon Laundry Building</p><br>
<p>Historic function: Commerce/trade; Government</p><br>
<p>Historic subfunction: Department Store; Government Office</p><br>
<p>The Tuba Trading Post, across Main St. and down, is also listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>The Passionist Fathers Monastery is a historic monastery at 5700 N. Harlem Avenue in the Norwood Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The monastery was built in 1910 for the Passionists, an order of Roman Catholic monks which believed in austere living and hosting spiritual retreats. Architect Joseph Molitor, who also designed several churches for the Archdiocese of Chicago in the early twentieth century, designed the monastery. The building incorporates elements of Classical Revival, Baroque Revival, and Romanesque Revival architecture. The building&#39;s most prominent Classical Revival element its main entrance, which includes a balustrade and detailed pediment. Its Baroque influence is apparent in the Dutch gable above the main entrance, while its rounded arched windows and corbeling come from the Romanesque style.</p><br>
<p>The monastery was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 6, 2013.</p><br>
<p>The Edificio Alcaldia , also known as the Antigua Casa Alcaldía de Carolina , is a historic building in Carolina, Puerto Rico. The building was designed by Puerto Rican architect Rafael Carmoega, then an architect of the Department of the Interior, with assistance of Francisco Garden. The Department of the Interior also built the building. In addition to serving as the City Hall, the facilities included government offices, the Municipal Jail, and a Medical Office.</p><br>
<p>It is a reinforced concrete and steel building, with bearing walls and major beams made of reinforced concrete. Joists for floors are steel. The building has a belltower with a small, reinforced concrete cupola with Spanish ceramic tiles.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 and on the Puerto Rico Register of Historic Sites and Zones in 2000. It was listed in part for its architecture, which is "in a style peculiar to the period in Puerto Rico. Reminiscent of traditional Spanish architecture, with motifs as varied as hanging moorish balconies on the one hand, and an austere Navarran portal on the other, the building is architecturally, one of the best in downtown Carolina."</p><br>
<p>The building was restored in 1992. It is currently the headquarters of the Cultural Development Program and the Tourism Office of the Municipality of Carolina. A new city hall was inaugurated in 1998.</p><br>
<p>The Samuel Singleton House is a historic house in Ferron, Utah. It was built in 1896 for Thomas Singleton, a cattleman who went on to serve as the first mayor of Ferron in 1900. He became one of the largest landowners in Emery County, where he founded stores and a bank. He was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and a Republican, and the father of a son and four daughters; he died of pneumonia in 1929. The house was designed in the Stick-Eastlake style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 8, 1979.</p><br>
<p>The William and Eliza Hawkins House, at 95 E. 200 North in Beaver, Utah, United States, was built in 1880. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>It was built as a vernacular hall and parlor cottage. The Hawkins added a brick lean-to addition in 1885; this portion was rebuilt in the 1970s.</p><br>
<p>The property includes a granary which was once used as an assay office for miners; this was deemed non-contributing however.</p><br>
<p>Plumbrooke Estates, also known as Plum Hollow Estates, is a residential historic district located along Plumbrooke Drive north of Nine Mile Road and west of Evergreen Road in Southfield, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The area of Southfield that includes the present Plumbrooke Estates was set aside for residential development in the 1920s, as the rise of the automobile made the farther suburbs more accessible from Detroit. The Plumbrooke Estates land was owned at the time by real estate investor J. Lee Baker. Although other sections of this land were developed soon after, Plumbrooke Estates remained an undeveloped investment property until after World War II, when it was sold to Muriel C. Alger. Alger had the land platted into 97 lots in 1960, after the incorporation of Southfield as a city. Development by Maceday Construction began immediately, and the first model homes opened in the neighborhood in May 1961, and by 1965 all but eight of the 97 lots had been sold. Although the neighborhood was predominantly white at first, it quickly and quietly integrated into the 1970s.</p><br>
<p>Since its inception, Plumbrooke Estates has remained a quiet neighborhood filled with high quality suburban houses. The subdivision looks substantially as it was in the 1960s, with only a few more recent additions and alterations.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Plumbrooke Estates is a residential neighborhood located on a rectangular parcel covering 27.5 acres. It contains ninety-five houses, most of which are constructed in Mid-Century Modern styles including Colonial Revival, Ranch, and Contemporary. The houses are located along Plumbrooke Drive, which has a series of six cul-de-sacs projecting from one side of the street so that the majority of the houses are on a cul-de-sac. The lots are rectangular or wedge-shaped, depending on their location, and houses typically sit in the center of the lot. Although the architecture of the houses varies, their uniform size and setback gives the neighborhood a cohesive look.</p><br>
<p>The William Morgan House, at 110 W. 600 North in Beaver, Utah, was built in 1910. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>It is a brick house, with brick laid in common bond, upon a black rock foundation. It was built in vernacular style but reflects influences of Queen Anne, including its irregular massing. It has gables with decorative shingle work and full return cornices. It was built in a transitional period between common usage of traditional vernacular architecture and adoption of high styles that became common in Beaver after 1915.</p><br>
<p>The South Round Valley School, in Morgan County, Utah near Morgan, Utah, was built in 1873 by stonemason Henry Olpin. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<p>It is asserted to have elements of Classical architectural style.</p><br>
<p>It is a one-room schoolhouse.</p><br>
<p>It is located east of Morgan at 1925 E. Round Valley Rd. adjacent to, or on the grounds of, what is now the Round Valley Golf Course.</p><br>
<p>The Morgan Union Pacific Depot, at 98 N. Commercial St. in Morgan, Utah, was built in 1926.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<p>It has also been known as the Morgan Union Pacific Railroad Depot and as Morgan Station.</p><br>
<p>It may have been designed by Gilbert Stanley Underwood.</p><br>
<p>It was used as a passenger depot until 1972. A freight portion of the depot was moved to a new location.</p><br>
<p>It was later used as Morgan&#39;s Planning & Zoning office.</p><br>
<p>The Portage Park Bungalow Historic District is a residential historic district in the Portage Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The district includes 225 buildings, 189 of which are brick Chicago bungalows built between 1915 and 1930. As homeownership became broadly accessible to Chicagoans in the early twentieth century, the bungalow emerged as a popular and affordable house design, and tens of thousands of the homes were built throughout Chicago. Portage Park was one of the many outlying neighborhoods of Chicago which grew dramatically as a result of the housing boom; new residents were also attracted to the neighborhood&#39;s eponymous park. While the district was developed by many different builders and architects, the use of a single home type with uniform setbacks from the street gives the neighborhood a consistent appearance.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 17, 2014.</p><br>
<p>The Covent Hotel is a historic residential hotel at 2653-65 N. Clark Street in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Built in 1915, the hotel was one of the many residential hotels constructed in early twentieth century Chicago to house the city&#39;s growing single working-class population. Covent Hotel was a rooming hotel, a subtype of residential hotel that exclusively offered single rooms with few amenities. Like many rooming hotels, the Covent Hotel housed commercial space on its first floor, including a restaurant to provide convenient nearby meals for its residents. Architect Frank E. Davidson designed the Classical Revival building, which features brick piers and a parapet.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 5, 2017.</p><br>
<p>The Mary Ellen Parmley House, at 8850 S. 220 East in Sandy, Utah, is a one-story, wood-frame house built originally around 1898 as a Hall-Parlor cottage. It has had several additions on its west side. The first addition plus original portion make a T-shaped crosswing form.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. And it is also known as 316 South 220 East.</p><br>
<p>The Hyrum and Selma Erickson Jacobson House, at 8908 South 220 East in Sandy, Utah, was built in 1914. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>It is a one-story brick cross-wing house, built upon a foundation of ashlar granite blocks. Its original red brick exterior was painted red, and later the mortar joints between were painted white. It has Victorian Eclectic details.</p><br>
<p>The William McLachlan Farmhouse, at 4499 S. 3200 West, in what is now West Valley City, Utah in Salt Lake County, Utah, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>It was built originally as a 22x21 ft brick and adobe house, during 1884–1885. The two rooms are adobe lined underneath plaster. The masonry work was done by Ed Ashton, and according to McLachlan&#39;s journal a man named Bridge did the plastering.</p><br>
<p>The house was built by William McLachlan, a polygamist, who was "like many of the less wealthy polygamists of the period, extremely distressed by the consequences of anti-polygamy raids. In order that his wives not be left</p><br>
<p>penniless should he be arrested and imprisoned, McLachlan purchased land and built this home in a then-remote area "over Jordan". When it was completed in March 1885 it became home for Maggie Naismith, his second wife, and her five children. McLachlan himself vanished into the underground for nearly eight years. Part of the time he</p><br>
<p>was employed as a carpenter on the Manti temple and used his earnings there to support his families. His wives were visited as often as it was safe, and Margaret received title to her house in 1886 to protect her and her husband from loss of property should he be caught and prosecuted. Fortunately, McLachlan was never brought</p><br>
<p>to trial." However, he was unable to complete the construction of this house, and death by diphtheria of three sons in 1894 contributed to his failure to make a success of the farm.</p><br>
<p>The New England Lodge, at 634 N. High St. in Worthington, Ohio, was built in 1820. It was asserted to be, in 1999, the Masonic lodge longest in use for Masonic purposes west of the Allegheny Mountains.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<p>In 2016, there were plans to convert much of the lodge building into condominiums, although reserving part to serve as a Masonic museum and offices.</p><br>
<p>The Summerville Depot, at 120 E. Washington Ave. in Summerville, Georgia, was built in 1918. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>It is a one-story frame Prairie School-style depot building. It has a hipped roof and wide eaves, and weatherboard siding above tongue-and-groove exterior wainscoting.</p><br>
<p>It was a passenger train stop on the Central of Georgia&#39;s Griffin and Chattanooga division.</p><br>
<p>Ownership of the building was acquired in 1989 by the Chattooga County Historical Society, along with a long-term lease on the land with Norfolk Southern Corporation. It planned to restore the depot for use by the historical society and other civic organizations and to include museum exhibits. When listed in 1992, there were plans for an original block and tackle and telegraph key to be restored to the property.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed "an excellent example of a combination railroad passenger and freight depot constructed in the</p><br>
<p>early 1900s." Until the fall of 2019, and resuming in the fall of 2023, the Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum in Chattanooga has operated occasional excursions between their Grand Junction Station in Tennessee and the Summerville Depot.</p><br>
<p>The East Wetumpka Commercial Historic District, in Wetumpka, Alabama, is a historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. The listing included 25 contributing buildings and 10 non-contributing ones on 6 acre.</p><br>
<p>The district includes most of the central business district of Wetumpka. Roughly, it consists of Company St. from Spring St. to E. Bridge St. and E. Bridge and Commerce Sts. from Main to Hill Streets, in Wetumpka.</p><br>
<p>Among the most important buildings are:</p><br>
<p>Bank of Wetumpka building (c.1910), 110 East Bridge St, a two-story white masonry bank building, with bold vertical-oriented architectural design, one of only two architect-designed buildings in the district, at prominent five-way intersection.</p><br>
<p>First National Bank (c.1910), Company Street, a two-story bank building, triangular (flatiron) in shape, with landmark clock, at same five-way intersection. Pilasters support a wide architrave above the first floor windows, and pattern is repeated, smaller, at second story.</p><br>
<p>Lancaster Hotel building (c.1903), 102 Court St. and East Main St., at same five-way intersection; a three-story hotel</p><br>
<p>Elmore County Courthouse (1931), Commerce Street. This is a monumental two-story Classical Revival building "with Egyptian Art Deco overtones", the other architect-designed building in the district. It has a central loggia supported by eight massive, fluted columns, and an architrave decorated with modillions and flowerettes.</p><br>
<p>221 Company Street (c.1910), a three-story brick commercial building regarded as a historical social and economic hub of the black community of Wetumpka; it has also been known as the Rose-Geeter Funeral Home.</p><br>
<p>Old Jail (c.1820), one-story brick building with small barred windows on three sides, regarded as Wetumpka&#39;s first jail.</p><br>
<p>Woodlawn, Alabama is a community in Jefferson County, Alabama, which is now a neighborhood within the city of Birmingham, Alabama. It grew as an independent community, and became the City of Woodlawn, and built a substantial City Hall building in 1908, but was annexed by Birmingham in 1910. The community area experienced a surge of growth after it was annexed.</p><br>
<h2>Woodlawn Historic District</h2><br>
<p>The Woodlawn Historic District in Birmingham, Alabama is a 241 acre historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003. It included 608 contributing buildings and a contributing site, as well as 89 non-contributing buildings. It comprises much of the original city of Woodlawn, including its city hall, but the district also reflects much development after it was annexed into Birmingham. The boundaries were defined to include "surviving portions of the Woodlawn neighborhood which retain sufficient historic character</p><br>
<p>and resources to convey a sense of the district&#39;s historical development. Areas excluded from the district generally</p><br>
<p>possessed higher ratios of noncontributing to contributing resources."</p><br>
<p>The district includes 14 contributing resources already listed on the National Register as the Woodlawn Commercial Historic District, which itself includes the Woodlawn City Hall, already itself separately listed on the National Register. The core commercial area includes mostly brick buildings, one- to three-stories tall, with architecture representative of late-nineteenth and early twentieth century styles. Prominent buildings in the core area include:</p><br>
<p>Woodlawn City Hall (1908), Beaux Arts style</p><br>
<p>Woodlawn Fire Station (c.1930), romantic French revival style</p><br>
<p>Woodlawn Methodist Church (1909–12), Victorian Gothic Revival style (Destroyed by fire on May 31, 2009).</p><br>
<p>Woodlawn Masonic Building (1915)</p><br>
<p>Woodlawn High School (1922), Tudor Revival style, with an associated gymnasium and stadium</p><br>
<p>Grace Episcopal Church (c.1910)</p><br>
<p>Woodlawn Public Library (1950), modern style.</p><br>
<p>Wood Family Cemetery (1824), only resource documented to be older than 1880,</p><br>
<p>The district is roughly bounded by 1st Ave. N, 47th St. N, 61st St.N, and Interstate 20/59. It includes Queen Anne and various late 19th and early 20th century Revival styles.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Hawkins, Riley, Eubank and John Smith families arrived in 1815-16 and may have been the first European-descended settlers in the area.</p><br>
<p>Early houses included "Woodlawn", the home of Obadiah Washington Wood Sr. on the Georgia Road, and "Willow Wood", residence of Edmund Wood, which was located where Willow Wood Park is now. O.W. Wood Sr. established the first general store, the first post office (in 1832, when the community was known as Rockville), and first saw mill in the area. He also granted "rights of way for railroad and streetcar construction, and donat land for four churches, a school, and for the settlement of former slaves at nearby Zion City.</p><br>
<p>A church shared by all denominations in what were known as "Union services" was built on land donated by Obadiah Washington Wood, Sr., at what is now 56th Street and Second Ave., where the Woodlawn Elementary School was later located.</p><br>
<p>The Wood Family Cemetery holds about 150 graves starting around 1824, including those of seven generations of the Wood family, from Obadiah and Edmund Wood on. The cemetery is about 2 acre on 57th Street North at First Avenue.</p><br>
<p>"Like other settlements in the county, Woodlawn appears to have remained a sparsely populated agricultural region well into the mid-nineteenth century, attractive to settlers for its convenient location on the Georgia Road and its fertile, well-watered valley land."</p><br>
<p>It had population 89 in 1880, then 1506 in 1890.</p><br>
<p>The first churches were "established by the Baptists in 1886, Methodists in 1887, and Presbyterians in 1888. The</p><br>
<p>Georgia Pacific Railroad (later Alabama Great Southern) was completed by 1883 and the Central of Georgia (later</p><br>
<p>Seaboard Coast) and Birmingham Mineral line by 1888. The community was renamed Woodlawn in 1886, and, January 26, 1891, it was incorporated under a municipal government. Boundaries of the new city extended generally from 47th</p><br>
<p>Street to 65th Street, between 12th Avenue North and 7th Avenue South."</p><br>
<p>Street car services supported great growth.</p><br>
<p>It was annexed into Birmingham on January 1, 1910. This greatly improved city services and led to much development and growth.</p><br>
<p>The Jacobs Building, at 414 Main St. in Buena Vista, Colorado, was built in 1888. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011. The listing included two contributing buildings and a contributing structure, with one apparently being a jailhouse.</p><br>
<p>It has served as a restaurant and hotel, and has been known as Johnson Building and as Mother&#39;s Bistro.</p><br>
<p>In 2019, the Historic Preservation Commission of Buena Vista was considering an application to list "the Jailhouse Building located at 412 E. Main Street as a local historic building subject to the requirements of Section 19 of the Town of Buena Vista Municipal Code." The jailhouse building was covered in the National Register listing already; the local listing would strengthen local protection for the building.</p><br>
<p>Caplewood Drive Historic District, in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, is a residential historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. It included 37 contributing buildings out of a total of about 45 buildings, on 11 acre.</p><br>
<p>The district runs along the long narrow lane of Caplewood Drive, originally known as Caplewood Terrace, south to its intersection with University Boulevard in Tuscaloosa. It is between downtown Tuscaloosa and the University of Alabama campus. Specifically it includes 1418 University Blvd. and 21–27; 301–329; 400–430; 1309, 1315, 1409, 1411, 1415, 1416 Caplewood Drive.</p><br>
<p>It is a set of modest bungalows and cottages built primarily during the 1920s and 1930s by local builders, using common building materials and designs which happen to achieve a kind of unity.</p><br>
<p>The street was developed by J. D. Caples, Sr. (1860-1934) in 1922 along a creek and a natural ravine. Low areas were filled by dirt excavated in the construction of the NRHP-listed City National Bank, and sewers and water pipes were installed by manual labor. Caples paved the street and planted trees. Caples himself built five or six of the homes; his son-in-law B.D. Sumner built three; only one is known to be designed by an architect, being the one at #33 designed by Birmingham architect George P. Turner.</p><br>
<p>It includes one or more Craftsman bungalows, as well as mission/Spanish revival and English Cottage styles.</p><br>
<p>The Milano Hotel, at 38300 California Highway 1, South, about a mile north of Gualala, California, was built in 1905. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>Construction was supervised by, and it was run as a hotel, saloon, and dining room, by Italian immigrant Batiste Luchinetti. It was built on cliffs facing the Pacific Ocean between Gualala and Bowens Landing, California. (Bowen&#39;s Landing was a lumber port / doghole port about 86 miles north of San Francisco.)</p><br>
<p>It survived the 1906 San Francisco earthquake with bottles being broken at its bar.</p><br>
<p>It is "flat front Italianate" in style.</p><br>
<p>A carriage shed and a small barn are two additional contributing buildings in the listing.</p><br>
<p>The Valley View School, at 8465 County Road 140 about 2 mi west of Salida, Colorado was built in 1903. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<p>It is a rural one-story wood frame schoolhouse built in part by the Works Progress Administration.</p><br>
<p>It has a south-facing 36.33x22.33 ft clapboarded main section and a 25x22.33 ft concrete block addition. The addition was built by the Works Progress Administration in 1936.</p><br>
<p>Two privies are additional contributing buildings in the listing.</p><br>
